Polity

STATE GOVERNMENT (Part VI, Articles 152–237) Government at the state level Works similar to Union government Has 3 organs: Executive Legislature Judiciary — 👤 GOVERNOR (Articles 153–162) 🔹 Who is Governor? Head of the State (Nominal head) 🔹 Appointment Appointed by President 🔹 Term 5 years Can be removed earlier 🔹 Powers of Governor 🔥 […]

JUDICIARY (Part V & VI) 📌 One-liner: ➡️ “Judiciary = Guardian of Constitution” ⚖️ SUPREME COURT OF INDIA (Articles 124–147)🔹 CompositionChief Justice of India + other judges 🔹 Appointment👉 Appointed by President 🔹 QualificationCitizen of IndiaJudge of High Court (5 years) ORAdvocate (10 years) 🔹 Tenure👉 Till 65 years ⭐ Powers of Supreme Court (VERY

🏛️ COUNCIL OF MINISTERS 🔹 What is it? 👉 Group of ministers led by PM — 🔹 Types of Ministers 1. Cabinet Ministers 2. Ministers of State 3. Deputy Ministers — 🔹 Collective Responsibility 🔥 👉 Council is responsible to Lok Sabha 📌 If Lok Sabha loses confidence → Government falls — ⚔️ Key Points

👤 PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA 🔹 Who is Prime Minister? 👉 Real Executive of India👉 Head of Government 📌 While President is nominal → PM has real power 🔥 — 🔹 Appointment 👉 Appointed by President👉 Leader of majority party in Lok Sabha — 🔹 Qualification Citizen of India Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha or

🇮🇳 PRESIDENT OF INDIA (Articles 52–62)🔹 Who is President?👉 Head of the State👉 First citizen of India📌 Executive power lies with President (nominal)🔹 Election of President👉 Elected indirectly by:Elected MPs (Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha)Elected MLAs of States📌 Uses Proportional Representation + Single Transferable Vote🔹 Term👉 5 years🔹 QualificationCitizen of IndiaAge 35 years+Eligible for Lok

📜 LAW MAKING PROCESS (Simple)Bill introducedPassed in both HousesSent to PresidentBecomes Law📌 Money Bill → Only Lok Sabha decides 🔥⚡ Important ArticlesArticle 79 → Parliament structureArticle 80 → Rajya SabhaArticle 81 → Lok SabhaArticle 85 → SessionsArticle 108 → Joint sitting⭐ Special Points (Exam Focus)Lok Sabha = More powerfulRajya Sabha = PermanentMoney Bill = Only

⚔️ Lok Sabha vs Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha (Lower House): It is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members are directly elected by the people of India. The tenure is 5 years (can be dissolved earlier). It has full control over Money Bills—only Lok Sabha can introduce and pass them. It is considered

PARLIAMENT (Part V, Articles 79–122)🔹 What is Parliament?👉 The law-making body of India📌 Composition (VERY IMPORTANT):PresidentLok Sabha (Lower House)Rajya Sabha (Upper House)🏛️ LOK SABHA (House of the People)🔹 Key FeaturesMaximum Strength → 552Present Strength → 543 elected membersDirect election by people🔹 Tenure👉 5 years (can be dissolved earlier)🔹 Important PointsMoney Bill → Only Lok Sabha

⚡ Quick Revision TableSchedule            Topic1                          States & UTs2                           Salaries3                          Oath4                          Rajya Sabha5                          Scheduled Areas6                          NE Autonomous Councils 🔥7                          Union-State power8                          Languages9                         Court protection10                       Anti-defection11                      Panchayat12                      Municipality

🔵 7th Schedule 🔥👉 Division of powers:Union ListState ListConcurrent List 🟢 8th Schedule👉 Official languages (22 languages) 🟡 9th Schedule👉 Laws protected from court (Judicial Review limit) 🔴 10th Schedule👉 Anti-defection law 🟣 11th Schedule👉 Panchayati Raj subjects ⚫ 12th Schedule👉 Municipalities subjects